What is Water Jet Cutting?

Water jet cutting is a producing process that uses high pressure jets of water provided by pressurizing pumps that deliver a supersonic stream of water to cut and shape numerous types of materials. The water in water jet reducing is pressurized to 392 MPa and projected using a small precision nozzle. Because the water leaves the nozzle, it reaches speeds which can be 3 times the speed of sound.

Pure water jet slicing with water as its medium is designed for soft supplies akin to wood, plastics, and rubber. When an abrasive is added to the water stream, similar to titanium, stainless metal, aluminum, glass, ceramic materials, and concrete, cutting turns into more aggressive and capable of chopping hard metals.

Chapter Two – How Water Jet Cutting Works

The water jet chopping process could be completed in several totally different ways. The foremostity of the strategies have an abrasive blended into the water to blast particles from the workpiece. It’s a very versatile manufacturing process that can be used to chop, form, and design a workpiece to satisfy precise specifications.

The shaping method used for water jet slicing has a number of advantages over other cutting processes, corresponding to plasma or laser. Water jet cutting has higher accuracy, can reduce advanced designs, and is able to cut thermally sensitive surfaces.

The Process of Water Jet Cutting

Measuring Kerf Width

Kerf width pertains to the fabric being removed as a part of a cutting process. The time period was initially used to seek advice from the material removed by the reducing of a noticed blade. In the case of a water jet cutter, it refers back to the width of the stream, which is often 0.04 inch or smaller. The inside corners minimize by water jet chopping have a radius that matches the width of the stream. The kerf is determined by a wide range of factors, which include materials thickness, type of material, reducing quality, and the character of the waterjet nozzle.

The dimensions of the kerf is a crucial design factor that must be accounted for when determining the dimensions of the final product. If the kerf is 0.042 inches, the dimensions of the ultimate part need to be adjusted to account for the slicing width or the final part will be 0.042 inch off.

Initial Water Jet Piercing

The first reduce made by a water jet cutter is referred to as the pierce, which is wider than the traditional kerf. The initiation of the pierce is the first step within the water jet reducing process. It may be accomplished in several completely different ways with stationary, linear, circular, and low pressure being the most common methods. Which of the piercing methods is used depends on the material to be lower and the quantity of scrap produced.

Tapering in Kerf Width

Tapering in water jet slicing refers back to the kerf width at the top of the minimize and its width on the bottom. Water jet cuts have a V-formed taper, which is generated because the stream loses some of its energy as it cuts deeper into the material, with more material being removed on the top than at the bottom.

Gradual chopping speeds produce a reverse taper the place the kerf width is wider at the bottom, which is caused by removing more materials on the backside of the cut. The reverse taper could be seen when slicing soft, pliable materials.

Barrel tapers are created when the minimize is widest in the course of the cut, which happens when reducing extremely thick materials.

For many slicing, tapering doesn’t matter and can be utilized as a benefit for certain jobs. In the case of precision tooling where minimize items must fit together accurately, tapering could be a problem and must be taken into consideration.

Pressurizing the Water

Several methods are used to pressurize the water, including linear intensifiers and rotary direct drive pumps. The two types of pumps have a motor, water filters, management systems, and sensors.

Linear intensifier pumps use pressurized hydraulic oil at a pressure of 3000 psi. Low pressure oil pushes towards a piston that has a face space that is 20 instances larger than that of the high pressure plunger that pushes against the water. Since the measurement of the low pressure pump is 20 occasions bigger than that of the high pressure one, the pressure on the bigger plunger is intensified 20 times, yielding a pressure of 60,000 psi.

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